By
Colonel R Hariharan | The Times of India| September 28, 2021
Chennai: President Gotabaya Rajapaksa in his
first-ever address at the 76th UN General Assembly session on
September 22 spoke about transitional justice and reconciliation. But his
widely reported readiness to have a dialogue with Tamil expatriates to address
post-war reconciliation did not find a place in the speech.
This was not an oversight because in March
2021 his government had proscribed a number of Tamil groups such as the Global
Tamil Forum T(GTF), British Tamil Forum (BTF) and Canadian Tamil Congress
(CTC).
The government had also banned a number of
individuals based in the UK, Germany, Italy and Malaysia under the UN terrorism
designation law. The reason for banning them was their influence on Tamil
opinion and mould public policy abroad. The ban followed a scathing indictment
of the Rajapaksa government by the UN High
Commissioner for Human Rights in her report. It had warned against the
deterioration of human rights in Sri Lanka and highlighted “intensified
surveillance and harassment of civil society organisations, human rights
defenders and victims”.
Sri Lanka needs to realise bringing the Tamil ethnic
issues to a closure is important for India. Perhaps, India can use its good
offices in this respect, provided both Sri Lanka government and Tamil polity
are ready come to the table. This will remove one ponderable obstacle for
Indian investments in Sri Lanka in the war ravaged North and East to provide
employment and also trigger tourism industry in the country. To achieve this,
President Rajapaksa will have to walk the talk to achieve economic prosperity, which
was the theme of his UN address.
President Rajapaksa has not so far
responded to the request of even the biggest domestic stakeholder in parliament
– the Tamil National Alliance (TNA) - to discuss issues related ethnic
reconciliation. So, if the President speaks of talking to domestic stakeholders
whom does he refer to? Equally relevant is the question: are the otherwise
squabbling Tamil political parties ready for a common platform to participate
in the talks?
If the President is serious about
a dialogue with domestic and expatriate Tamil organisations, it would have to involve
lifting the ban on some of the individuals and diaspora organisations. it has to be inclusive and not exclusive to
achieve meaningful progress. But the Rajapaksa government has a strong aversion
to involve international institutions in domestic issues -- a stand shared by
many countries including India. President
Rajapaksa was emphatic that “fostering greater accountability, restorative
justice and meaningful reconciliation through domestic institutions was
essential to achieve lasting peace. So too is ensuring more equitable
participation in the fruits of economic development.”
These powerful words would have
carried more meaning, if the government had made sincere efforts to translate
them into action during the last one year and a half.
However, to avert international
intervention, the domestic institutions should be able to deliver. Even after 12 years since the Eelam war ended, issues of
transitional justice, so essential to trigger ethnic reconciliation process
remain in the half way house. The office of the missing persons (OMP) set up by
President Sirisena in 2018 is a good example of hiccups in delivering
results. Till December 2020, it had
received more than 29,000 complaints of missing persons. In January 2021,
President Rajapaksa outlined his plans to address the issue of missing persons
at a meeting with UN Resident Coordinator Hanna Singer.
He explained that these missing
persons were actually dead. Most of them had been taken by the LTTE or forcibly
conscripted. though the families of the missing attest it, they do not what has
become of them. After investigation the President added death certificate of
the missing person would be issue to the families. Support in the form of 6000 Sri
Lankan rupees was being given to the family.
This satisfies neither the families nor do justice to the perpetrators
of forcible disappearance of the individual. However, the President sees the
whole issue as a part of Tamil political agenda.
The recent reports of misconduct by the minister
of prisons Lohan Ratawatte are symptomatic of all that is wrong with this
government. On September 6, probably around the same time the President was
drafting his UN speech to showcase his success, the drunken
minister, brandishing a pistol, forcibly entered Wellikada prison with a group well
beyond the visiting hours. Six days later, the inebriated minister flew in a
helicopter to the Anuradhapura prison. Armed with a pistol, he summoned a group
of Tamil political prisoners detained under the Prevention of Terrorism Act
1979 and threatened them to accept their offences. The minister was forced to
resign his office, after a lot of hue and cry was raised by the media and the
opposition.
This culture of impunity has
grown to Himalayan proportions under the current dispensation. Despite repeated
claims that the government was preparing to reform the draconian Prevention of
Terrorism Act, it continues to be misused to detain people without trial.
Sri Lanka analyst Asanga
Abeyagoonasekara, strategic analyst, writing in the Observer Research Foundation,
gives an ominous warning: “with the present dysfunctionality, hopefully, Sri
Lanka will not see another youth insurrection from its majoritarian Sinhalese
Buddhists as seen in the past in 1971 and 1989, triggered by economic failure
and political injustice where thousands of lives were lost.”
India and Sri Lanka by geographic connectivity share
mutual concerns of national security. A destabilised Sri Lanka is a potential
security challenge to India. According to the newly appointed Sri Lanka High
Commissioner Milinda Morogoda Sri Lanka wants to elevate the present bilateral
relationship to a strategic level, bolstering foreign investments and earnings
from exports and expand strategic cooperation in defence and Indian Ocean
security.
To realise this, Sri Lanka will have to tone down its
majoritarian Sinhala Buddhist narrative, ease militarisation of the
administration, provide equitable opportunities for Indian investors and last
but not the least ensure visible progress is made in delivering transitional
justice to the affected and resume ethnic reconciliation process.
The writer served as the head of
intelligence with the Indian Peace Keeping Force in Sri Lanka 1987-90